Ganglion cyst/lump removal is a surgical procedure to remove ganglion cysts from the body. This surgical procedure is recommended for individuals with ganglion cysts that cannot be removed via aspiration.

A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops along the tendons or joints in the wrists, hands, ankles, or feet. The size of a ganglion cyst can range from as small as a pea or as big as a golf ball. The cysts may feel firm and spongy as they are filled with a thick, jelly-like substance. They are harmless and are not an indicator of cancer.

Ganglion cysts can cause pain, swelling, and weakness in the affected joint. While it may not be painful all the time, it can flare up with movement. It can also get smaller in size, or go away and come back. There can be one large cyst or multiple small ones that are connected by the same tissue.

The exact reason why ganglion cysts develop is unknown, but they are generally associated with trauma to the joint, or a flaw in the joint capsule or tendon sheath that makes the tissue bulge out. Ganglion cysts are more common in women and people from the ages of 20-40. Those with arthritis are also more likely to develop ganglion cysts, due to weakened and damaged joints.

While many ganglion cysts do not need surgical intervention, ganglion cyst removal surgery is normally recommended for those who are experiencing pain, weakness, or numbness, and reduced range of movement in the affected joint. It is also done to prevent ganglion cysts from returning or getting bigger. Depending on where they are located, they may also be removed due to aesthetic reasons.  

A ganglion cyst/lump removal surgery is a minimally-invasive procedure and can be removed in 2 ways, these are:

• Open surgery: where the orthopaedic surgeon makes a small incision in the skin to remove the entire cyst as well as the part that is connected to the joint or tendon sheath. This is done by removing the ganglion cyst from the nearby tendons, nerves, and blood vessels.
• Arthroscopic surgery: keyhole surgery that involves small incisions and an arthroscope with a camera attached. The orthopaedic surgeon uses images from the arthroscope to guide instruments into the affected area to remove the ganglion cyst.

These procedures are normally performed under local anaesthesia, so you can go home the same day. It typically takes 15-20 minutes to complete, depending on how large the cyst is, and where it is situated.

• Removes painful ganglion cysts
• Improves range of motion in the affected joint
• Prevents cysts from returning or getting bigger

Ganglion cyst/lump removal can be used to treat the following conditions:

• Ganglion cysts

You may feel some minor pain after the procedure, and will typically be prescribed painkillers to minimise any discomfort you feel after the surgery. If the cyst was located in the wrist or hand, you may need to wear a sling for a few days.

After approximately 2 weeks, you should not feel any more pain, although this depends on the individual. The affected joint should be able to move better without any discomfort. After this surgery, ganglion cysts are less likely to return.

Results will vary from person to person, depending on the treatment area, severity of the issue, and your overall health. Your orthopaedist can give you a better idea of what to expect based on your individual needs and circumstances.

Only one ganglion cysts/lump removal surgery at a time is typically needed, unless there are multiple cysts in other parts of the body.

After the procedure, you may need to follow-up with your doctor to make sure the site has healed completely.